165 lines
5.1 KiB
Markdown
165 lines
5.1 KiB
Markdown
---
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name: drissionpage-auto-login
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description: Automate login with DrissionPage — discover login pages, fill forms, solve CAPTCHAs with ddddocr, and verify success.
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tags: [drissionpage, automation, login, captcha, ddddocr, web-scraping]
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---
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# DrissionPage Auto-Login with CAPTCHA Solving
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Automate login to web applications using DrissionPage, with automatic CAPTCHA solving via `ddddocr`.
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## Setup
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```bash
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python3 -m venv /tmp/drission_env && source /tmp/drission_env/bin/activate
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pip install DrissionPage ddddocr
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```
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## Browser Configuration
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```python
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from DrissionPage import ChromiumPage, ChromiumOptions
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import ddddocr
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import os
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import time
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co = ChromiumOptions()
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co.set_browser_path('/home/ubuntu/.cache/ms-playwright/chromium-1217/chrome-linux64/chrome')
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co.set_argument('--no-sandbox')
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co.set_argument('--disable-dev-shm-usage')
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co.set_argument('--disable-gpu')
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co.headless()
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co.auto_port()
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page = ChromiumPage(co)
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```
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## Login Discovery Workflow
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When the login URL is unknown:
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1. **Visit the homepage** and scan for login links:
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```python
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page.get('https://www.example.com')
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time.sleep(3)
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links = page.eles('tag:a')
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for link in links:
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href = link.attr('href') or ''
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text = link.text.strip()
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if 'login' in href.lower() or 'login' in text.lower() or '登录' in text:
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print(f"Found: {text} -> {href}")
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```
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2. **Common login URL patterns** to try:
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- `/login`, `/signin`, `/auth`
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- `login.example.com`, `passport.example.com`, `account.example.com`
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## Form Filling
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```python
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# Find inputs by name, placeholder, or type
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inputs = page.eles('css:input')
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for inp in inputs:
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itype = inp.attr('type') or 'text'
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name = inp.attr('name') or ''
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ph = inp.attr('placeholder') or ''
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if itype in ['text', 'email']:
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# Heuristic: match common username field indicators
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if any(kw in (name + ph).lower() for kw in ['phone', 'email', 'account', 'user', 'mobile', 'login']):
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inp.clear().input('your_username')
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elif itype == 'password':
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inp.clear().input('your_password')
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```
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## CAPTCHA Solving with ddddocr
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```python
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# 1. Find the CAPTCHA image element
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captcha_img = (page.ele('css:img.captcha')
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or page.ele('css:.captcha-img')
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or page.ele('xpath://img[contains(@src, "captcha")]'))
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if not captcha_img:
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captcha_input = page.ele('@name=captcha')
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if captcha_input:
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captcha_img = captcha_input.sibling('tag:img')
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# 2. Save the image (PITFALL: use a simple filename, NOT a directory path)
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# DrissionPage's save() may create a directory if the src URL looks like a path.
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# Always use a clean local filename.
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import shutil
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captcha_path = '/tmp/captcha_solve.jpg'
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if os.path.isdir(captcha_path):
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shutil.rmtree(captcha_path)
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# Use screenshot method instead of save() for reliability:
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captcha_img.get_screenshot(path=captcha_path)
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# 3. OCR recognition
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ocr = ddddocr.DdddOcr()
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with open(captcha_path, 'rb') as f:
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img_bytes = f.read()
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captcha_text = ocr.classification(img_bytes)
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print(f"CAPTCHA: {captcha_text}")
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# 4. Fill the captcha field
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page.ele('@name=captcha').clear().input(captcha_text)
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```
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## Submit and Verify
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```python
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# Click login button
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login_btn = page.ele('text:登录') or page.ele('text:Login') or page.ele('css:button[type=submit]')
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if login_btn:
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login_btn.click()
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else:
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page.press('Enter')
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time.sleep(5)
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# Verify success
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if 'dashboard' in page.url.lower() or 'main' in page.url.lower():
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print("Login successful!")
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else:
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# Check for error messages
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body = page('tag:body').text
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if 'error' in body.lower() or '错误' in body:
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print("Login failed — check credentials or captcha")
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```
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## Retry with CAPTCHA Refresh
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If the captcha is wrong, refresh and retry:
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```python
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for attempt in range(3):
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# ... fill form and solve captcha ...
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login_btn.click()
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time.sleep(3)
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if 'error' not in page('tag:body').text.lower():
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break
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# Click captcha image to refresh
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if captcha_img:
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captcha_img.click()
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time.sleep(1)
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else:
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page.refresh()
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time.sleep(2)
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```
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## Pitfalls
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- **`save()` creates directories**: DrissionPage's `element.save(path)` may create a *directory* if the source URL contains path-like segments (e.g., `captcha.jpg;jsessionid=...`). Always use a clean local filename and check `os.path.isdir()` first.
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- **`get_screenshot()` is more reliable**: For single elements, `element.get_screenshot(path=...)` is more reliable than `save()`.
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- **uv-managed Python**: Use a temp venv to install packages.
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- **Headless + sandbox flags**: Always use `--no-sandbox --disable-dev-shm-usage --disable-gpu` and `co.headless()`.
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- **Auto port**: Use `co.auto_port()` to avoid conflicts.
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- **Wait times**: Add `time.sleep(2-5)` after page loads and form submissions for JS-rendered content.
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- **Iframe logins**: If inputs are inside iframes, switch context: `page = page.eles('tag:iframe')[0].child()`.
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- **Multiple hidden inputs**: Sites may have many hidden inputs. Filter by `type` and visible attributes.
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- **CAPTCHA case sensitivity**: Some sites require uppercase/lowercase matching. Try `captcha_text.upper()` or `.lower()` if login fails.
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